![]() ![]() Moreover, the need for measures to control plant diseases limits the amount of land available for cultivation each year, limits the kinds of crops that can be grown in fields already contaminated with certain microorganisms, and annually necessitates the use of millions of kilograms of pesticides for treating seeds, fumigating soils, spraying plants, or the postharvest treatment of fruits. Also, these losses do not include losses caused by environmental factors such as freezes, droughts, air pollutants, nutrient deficiencies, and toxicities.Īlthough impressive, the aforementioned numbers do not tell the innumerable stories of large populations in many poor countries suffering from malnutrition, hunger, and starvation caused by plant diseases or of lost income and lost jobs resulting from crops destroyed by plant diseases, forcing people to leave their farms and villages to go to overcrowded cities in search of jobs that would help them survive. To these should be added 6–12% losses of crops after harvest, which are particularly high in developing tropical countries where training and resources such as refrigeration are generally lacking. For the future aspects of plant pathology, more integrated management strategies are needed to increase the resilience of the crops against phytopathogens.Īctual annual losses to world crop productionĬonsidering that 14.1% of the crops are lost to plant diseases alone, the total annual worldwide crop loss from plant diseases is about $220 billion. They unlash the molecular premises of the plant immunity by discovering some novel insights into the host–pathogen interactions. The approaches of sustainable intensification with modern technical advancements offered new opportunities in the form of an integrated systems-based viewpoint for disease management. Therefore with the understanding of the dynamic nature of the plant diseases, the outsmart management approach must be in line with the environmental-acceptability and circumstances prevailing in the agriculture field and markets. ![]() The practices of monoculturing and intensive inputs of agrochemicals serve as the selection pressures for the pathogen’s adaptation and evolution. Phytopathogens, with their rapid dispersibility and adaptiveness in variable domains, overcome all the active sources of disease management. It ameliorates the disease-management approaches to attain food security and food safety for the world. Plant Pathology is the science of studying plant diseases that renders the disease-management answers to the farmers. Bhanu Prakash, in Food Security and Plant Disease Management, 2021 Abstract ![]()
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